Microorganisms universally attach to living and non-living surfaces and those from medical devices are not an exception, resulting in the development of device-associated infections. Consequently, there is a great demand for products capable of filling bone defects and ensure bone regeneration, namely bone graft substitutes.
 

However, the majority of the products available in the market are not able to prevent bacterial colonization causing tissue infection and possible implant failure. Although device-associated infections have a low mortality rate, this type of infections is associated with increased morbidity and represents an enormous financial burden to the healthcare systems and suffering for the patients.